Age-dependent histomorphometric evolution of the corpus spongiosum.

PURPOSE: To quantify the age-dependent changes in the relative volume of elastic fibers, collagen fibers and the proportion of collagen types I/III in the corpus spongiosum of rats. METHODS: Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were divided into four groups (G1 to G4) and underwent penectomy at the ages of 6, 9, 12 and 24 months, respectively. Histological sections from the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, Masson's trichrome and Picrosirius red, the volumetric density of elastic fibers, collagen fibers and the proportion of collagen types I and III in the corpus spongiosum were determined by stereological analysis. RESULTS: A reduction in the proportion of collagen I/III between the groups G3 and G4 (p < 0.048) was observed. In the volumetric analysis of elastic fiber, we observed a significant rise between the groups G2 and G3 (p < 0.03) and a reduction of the volume between the groups G3 and G4 (p < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the quantity of total collagen between the groups (p > 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: Aging in rats did not change the quantity of total collagen but reduced the proportion of collagen types I/III and the volume of elastic fibers.

Stereological study and analysis of oxidative stress during renal aging in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. METHODS: Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. RESULTS: Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. CONCLUSIONS: Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.

Stereological study and analysis of oxidative stress during renal aging in rats

Purpose To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. Methods Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. Results Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. Conclusions Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.

Stereological analysis of elastic fibers of the corpus cavernosum of rats during the aging process.

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in the quantity of elastic fibers in the corpora cavernosa of rats during the natural aging process, and to assess the degree of this change by determining volumetric density (Vv) at different ages via stereological analysis. METHODS: Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were subjected to the natural aging process and divided into four groups (G1 to G4), according to age at the time of penectomy (6, 9, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Histological sections of the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, and the volumetric density (Vv) of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa were determined via stereological analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in Vv among groups G1, G2, and G3. These three groups were therefore considered as a single group. The mean Vv of this group showed a statistically significant reduction compared to that of G4 (0.16 vs. 0.11, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Natural aging in rats was responsible for a reduction in volumetric density of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa (approximately 30% decrease in Vv) during senescence.

Tumor de Wilms no adulto: neoplasia rara e um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico / Wilms tumor in adult: a rare neoplasia and a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge

O tumor de Wilms é o tumor renal maligno mais comum na criança. Sua apresentação em adultos é rara. Atualmente, há relato de aproximadamente 250 casos de tumor de Wilms em adultos. Relata-se neste trabalho, um novo caso em paciente do sexo masculino, 18 anos, com histórico de dor lombar direita e hematúria. A ressonância nuclear magnética de pelve demonstrou volumosa lesão expansiva com epicentro no terço médio do rim direito. Tomografia computadorizada de tórax com múltiplos nódulos esparsos pelo parênquima pulmonar, sugestivos de implantes secundários. Foi realizada nefrectomia radical direita e o estudo anatomo-patológico mais imuno-histoquimica confirmaram o diagnóstico de nefroblastoma (Tumor de Wilms) em estágio IV. Embora se tenha conseguido uma boa resposta com os esquemas de tratamento quimioterápicos atuais, estudos mostram que o prognóstico do tumor de Wilms em adultos é inferior quando comparado ao pediátrico. O qual pode estar relacionado ao fato de se tratar de uma doença rara com diagnóstico tardio.

Wilms tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. His presentation in adults is rare. Currently, there are approximately 250 cases of Wilms tumor in adults. This paper reports a new case in a male patient, 18 years old, with a history of right lower back pain and hematuria. Pelvic Nuclear magnetic resonance demonstrated a massive expansive lesion with epicenter in the middle third of the right kidney. Computed tomography of the chest with multiple nodules scattered by the pulmonary parenchyma, suggestive of secondary implants. Right radical nephrectomy was performed and the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor) in stage IV. Although a good response has been achieved with current chemotherapy regimens, studies have shown that Wilms tumor prognosis in adults is lower when compared to pediatric. This may be related to the fact that it is a rare disease with a late diagnosis.

Stereological analysis of elastic fibers of the corpus cavernosum of rats during the aging process

Abstract Purpose To evaluate changes in the quantity of elastic fibers in the corpora cavernosa of rats during the natural aging process, and to assess the degree of this change by determining volumetric density (Vv) at different ages via stereological analysis. Methods Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were subjected to the natural aging process and divided into four groups (G1 to G4), according to age at the time of penectomy (6, 9, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Histological sections of the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin, and the volumetric density (Vv) of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa were determined via stereological analysis. Results There were no statistically significant differences in Vv among groups G1, G2, and G3. These three groups were therefore considered as a single group. The mean Vv of this group showed a statistically significant reduction compared to that of G4 (0.16 vs. 0.11, p<0.05). Conclusion Natural aging in rats was responsible for a reduction in volumetric density of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa (approximately 30% decrease in Vv) during senescence.

Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the renal function and the renal histological alterations through the stereology and morphometrics in rats submitted to the natural process of aging. METHODS: Seventy two Wistar rats, divided in six groups. Each group was sacrificed in a different age: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. It was performed right nephrectomy, stereological and morphometric analysis of the renal tissue (renal volume and weight, density of volume (Vv[glom]) and numerical density (Nv[glom]) of the renal glomeruli and average glomerular volume (Vol[glom])) and also it was evaluated the renal function for the dosage of serum creatinine and urea. RESULTS: There was significant decrease of the renal function in the oldest rats. The renal volume presented gradual increase during the development of the rats with the biggest values registered in the group of animals at 12 months of age and significant progressive decrease in older animals. Vv[glom] presented statistically significant gradual reduction between the groups and the Nv[glom] also decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The renal function proved to be inferior in senile rats when compared to the young rats. The morphometric and stereological analysis evidenced renal atrophy, gradual reduction of the volume density and numerical density of the renal glomeruli associated to the aging process.

Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the renal function and the renal histological alterations through the stereology and morphometrics in rats submitted to the natural process of aging. METHODS: Seventy two Wistar rats, divided in six groups. Each group was sacrificed in a different age: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. It was performed right nephrectomy, stereological and morphometric analysis of the renal tissue (renal volume and weight, density of volume (Vv[glom]) and numerical density (Nv[glom]) of the renal glomeruli and average glomerular volume (Vol[glom])) and also it was evaluated the renal function for the dosage of serum creatinine and urea. RESULTS: There was significant decrease of the renal function in the oldest rats. The renal volume presented gradual increase during the development of the rats with the biggest values registered in the group of animals at 12 months of age and significant progressive decrease in older animals. Vv[glom] presented statistically significant gradual reduction between the groups and the Nv[glom] also decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The renal function proved to be inferior in senile rats when compared to the young rats. The morphometric and stereological analysis evidenced renal atrophy, gradual reduction of the volume density and numerical density of the renal glomeruli associated to the aging process.

Ectopia renal intratorácica: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Intrathoracic renal ectopia: case report and literature review

O rim intratorácico é a mais rara das ectopias renais, diagnosticado na maioria das vezes por achado em exames complementares de imagem. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de rim intratorácico encaminhado ao Hospital de Clínicas-UFPR como diagnóstico diferencial de massa intratorácica e fazer uma breve revisão de literatura.

Tumor adenomatoide epididimário: relato de dois casos e revisão da literatura / Adenomatoid tumor of the epididimys: report a two cases and review the literature

Tumores adenomatóides são tumores mesoteliais benignos geralmente encontrados nas estruturas paratesticulares. Relatamos dois casos de tumor adenomatoide no epididímo. Revisamos a literatura sobre tumores epididimários, suas apresentações, métodos e diagn´soticos e tratamento.

Relato de caso: intussuscepção ileocecal por lipoma em adulto

A intussuscepção intestinal ocorre quando umsegmento proximal do intestino invagina para o interiorde um segmento distal a ele. Embora comum na idadepediátrica, constitui condição relativamente rara emadultos, entretanto, nestes há uma etiologia bem definidae geralmente de natureza maligna na maioria dos casos,ao contrário dos achados em crianças. Os sintomas e aapresentação clínica, apesar de sugerirem um quadrode obstrução intestinal, são bastante variáveis efreqüentemente inespecíficos, o que dificulta odiagnóstico pré-operatório. O tratamento cirúrgico idealé contraditório, porém aspectos como a localização daintussuscepção, particularmente nas lesões de topografiaentérica, ou naqueles pacientes em que o achadocirúrgico evidencie apenas aderências pós-operatórias,podem determinar uma abordagem mais seletiva do queapenas ressecção. O objetivo do presente artigo édescrever um caso raro de intussuscepção ileocecal porlipoma de ceco em adulto, em que foi realizada reduçãoda invaginação, hemicolectomia direita e íleo-transversoanastomose.

The intestinal intussusception occurs when a proximalpart of the intestine invaginate into a distal segment.Although comom in children, it is a relative rare conditionin adults. Intussusception is the first cause of obstructionin children, and in most cases, with no demonstrablecause, while in adults, most cases are the result ofmalignant tumors. It may require surgical treatment,which ideal technique is controversial. The location,particularly in small intestine lesions, or patients whosesurgical findings reveals only post surgical adherence,may need a specific treatment than only ressection. Thegoal of this article is to describe a rare case ofintussusception caused by cecal lipoma, which wasconducted by surgical reduction with right hemicolectomyand ileo-transverse anastomosis.

Síndrome compartimental abdominal: rotinas do serviço de cirurgia geral do Hospital Governador Celso Ramos

A elevação da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA)representa estado de gravidade nos pacientescriticamente enfermos, e neste artigo, apresentamos asdefinições e rotinas diagnósticas, realizadas através deobservação clínica e pela medida da PIA por cateterismovesical, bem como as condutas terapêuticas adotadaspelo Serviço de Cirurgia Geral do Hospital GovernadorCelso Ramos no manejo do complexo patológicoHipertensão Intra-Abdominal / Síndrome CompartimentalAbdominal, incorporando estrita estabilização clínica emcuidados intensivos e decisões cirúrgicas, como alaparotomia descompressiva e o manejo do abdomeaberto, à luz de revisão bibliográfica atualizada eobservando a aplicabilidade das condutas propostas.

The elevation of the intra-abdominal pressure(IAP) represents a state of severe gravity in critical illpatients, and in this article, we present the definitionsand routine diagnostic issues, done through clinicalobservation e by the measurement of the IAP, as wellthe therapeutics routines adopted by the Surgery Serviceof the Governador Celso Ramos Hospital in themanagement of the pathological complex Intra-abdominalHypertension / Abdominal Compartment Syndrome,incorporating strict clinical stabilization at the intensivecare unit and surgical decisions, like the descompressivelaparotomy and the management of the opened abdomen,based on a actualized bibliographic review and on theapplicability of the proposal conducts.